Analysis of the fatigue status of medical security personnel during the closed-loop period using multiple machine learning methods: a case study of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.

Using machine learning methods to analyze the fatigue status of medical security personnel and the factors influencing fatigue (such as BMI, gender, and wearing protective clothing working hours), with the goal of identifying the key factors contributing to fatigue. By validating the predicted outcomes, actionable and practical recommendations can be offered to enhance fatigue status, such as reducing wearing protective clothing working hours. A questionnaire was designed to assess the fatigue status of medical security personnel during the closed-loop period, aiming to capture information on fatigue experienced during work and disease recovery. The collected data was then preprocessed and used to determine the structural parameters for each machine learning algorithm. To evaluate the prediction performance of different models, the mean relative error (MRE) and goodness of fit (R2) between the true and predicted values were calculated. Furthermore, the importance rankings of various parameters in relation to fatigue status were determined using the RF feature importance analysis method. The fatigue status of medical security personnel during the closed-loop period was analyzed using multiple machine learning methods. The prediction performance of these methods was ranked from highest to lowest as follows: Gradient Boosting Regression (GBM) > Random Forest (RF) > Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) > K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) > Support Vector Regression (SVR). Among these algorithms, four out of the five achieved good prediction results, with the GBM method performing the best. The five most critical parameters influencing fatigue status were identified as working hours in protective clothing, a customized symptom and disease score (CSDS), physical exercise, body mass index (BMI), and age, all of which had importance scores exceeding 0.06. Notably, working hours in protective clothing obtained the highest importance score of 0.54, making it the most critical factor impacting fatigue status. Fatigue is a prevalent and pressing issue among medical security personnel operating in closed-loop environments. In our investigation, we observed that the GBM method exhibited superior predictive performance in determining the fatigue status of medical security personnel during the closed-loop period, surpassing other machine learning techniques. Notably, our analysis identified several critical factors influencing the fatigue status of medical security personnel, including the duration of working hours in protective clothing, CSDS, and engagement in physical exercise. These findings shed light on the multifaceted nature of fatigue among healthcare workers and emphasize the importance of considering various contributing factors. To effectively alleviate fatigue, prudent management of working hours for security personnel, along with minimizing the duration of wearing protective clothing, proves to be promising strategies. Furthermore, promoting regular physical exercise among medical security personnel can significantly impact fatigue reduction. Additionally, the exploration of medication interventions and the adoption of innovative protective clothing options present potential avenues for mitigating fatigue. The insights derived from this study offer valuable guidance to management personnel involved in organizing large-scale events, enabling them to make informed decisions and implement targeted interventions to address fatigue among medical security personnel. In our upcoming research, we will further expand the fatigue dataset while considering higher precisionprediction algorithms, such as XGBoost model, ensemble model, etc., and explore their potential contributions to our research.

An annotated street view image dataset for automated road damage detection.

Road damage is a great threat to the service life and safety of roads, and the early detection of pavement damage can facilitate maintenance and repair. Street view images serve as a new solution for the monitoring of pavement damage due to their wide coverage and regular updates. In this study, a road pavement damage dataset, the Street View Image Dataset for Automated Road Damage Detection (SVRDD), was developed using 8000 street view images acquired from Baidu Maps. Based on these images, over 20,000 damage instances were visually recognized and annotated. These instances were distributed in five administrative districts of Beijing City. Ten well-established object detection algorithms were trained and assessed using the SVRDD dataset. The results have demonstrated the performances of these algorithms in the detection of pavement damages. To the best of our knowledge, SVRDD is the first public dataset based on street view images for pavement damages detection. It can provide reliable data support for future development of deep learning algorithms based on street view images.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of maintenance hemodialysis patients with COVID-19 during the Omicron wave of the pandemic in Beijing: a single center retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: The clinical manifestations and prognosis of hemodialysis patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the Omicron wave of the pandemic infection were still unclear. This study investigated the clinical characteristics of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) infected with it. METHODS: This retrospective single-center study included 151 patients undergoing MHD. Healthcare workers were selected as control group were assessed from December 1, 2022 to March 31, 2023. Clinical data, laboratory test results, treatment protocols, and prognoses were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: The study population included 146 patients with MHD, 93 (63.7%) of whom were infected with SARS-CoV-2. The number of non-severe, severe, and critical cases was 84 (90.3%), 4 (4.3%), and 5 (5.3%), respectively. Six patients (6.5%) died during the study period. The main symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, including fever, cough, and fatigue, were less common in patients with MHD than the controls. During SARS-CoV-2 infection, the C-reactive protein (2.9 vs. 11.8 mg/dl, p < 0.0001) and ferritin levels(257.7 vs. 537 ng/l, p < 0.0001) were elevated. The hemoglobin(113vs 111 g/L, p = 0.0001) and albumin levels(39.4 vs. 36.1 g/L, p < 0.0001) decreased. Generally, it took two months for the hemoglobin levels to recover. Positivity rate for SARS-COV-2 serum immunoglobin G (IgG) antibodies and IgG titers were lower in dialysis patients than the controls. Age was positively associated with disease severity, while age and hyponatremia were associated with death. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with MHD and COVID-19 were primarily classified as non-severe. SARS-CoV-2 infection would soon lead to the increase of inflammation related acute response protein in dialysis patients, and then lead to the decrease of hemoglobin and albumin. About 9.6% in HD patients were severe cases and had poor prognosis. Advanced age and hyponatremia were associated with disease severity and prognosis.

Protective effect of PCV13 against all-cause hospitalized pneumonia in children in Beijing, China: real-world evidence.

BACKGROUND: The study evaluated the protective effect of 13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (PCV13) against all-cause hospitalized pneumonia in children in Beijing. METHODS: Based on the vaccination record and inpatient medical record database of Beijing, children born in 2017 in Beijing, matched by age, gender, and district of the children with the ratio of 1:4, were selected as the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups according whether if vaccinated with PCV13. The incidence rate and 95 % confidence interval (95 %CI), vaccine effectiveness (VE) and direct medical costs of all-cause hospitalized pneumonia were calculated and compared within the same period of 12 months, 18 months, 24 months and 30 months after the birth of the child. RESULTS: The decreased incidence rates of all-cause hospitalized pneumonia were observed at the four points in the PCV13 vaccinated group compared to the unvaccinated group, which were significant at the points of 12 months (0.42 % vs. 0.72 %, P = 0.001), 18 months (0.90 % vs. 1.26 %, P = 0.002) and 24 months (1.37 % vs. 1.65 %, P = 0.046). The VE of PCV13 against all-cause hospitalized pneumonia within 12 months was the highest as 41.9 % (95 % CI 19.6 %, 58.0 %), followed by 29.3 % (95 % CI 11.4 %, 43.5 %) within 18 months, 17.1 % (95 % CI 0.3 %, 31.1 %) within 24 months and it almost disappeared within 30 months. The VE of 4-dose vaccination within 18 months and 24 months were 39.9 % (95 % CI 20.3 %, 54.7 %) and 27.2 % (95 % CI 8.6 %, 42.0 %), respectively. The median hospitalization cost of the children in the vaccinated group was higher at the four points but without significance. CONCLUSIONS: PCV13 had a certain protective effect on all-cause hospitalized pneumonia, and the booster immunization strategy had the best protective effect with great public health significance to enter the immunization program.

Efficacy of electro-acupuncture versus sham acupuncture for diabetic peripheral neuropathy: study protocol for a three-armed randomised controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: Specific treatment for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is still lacking, and acupuncture may relieve the symptoms. We intend to investigate the efficacy and safety of electro-acupuncture (EA) in alleviating symptoms associated with DPN in diabetes. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This multicentre, three-armed, participant- and assessor-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial will recruit 240 eligible participants from four hospitals in China and will randomly assign (1:1:1) them to EA, sham acupuncture (SA) or usual care (UC) group. Participants in the EA and SA groups willl receive either 24-session EA or SA treatment over 8 weeks, followed by an 8-week follow-up period, while participants in the UC group will be followed up for 16 weeks. The primary outcome of this trial is the change in DPN symptoms from baseline to week 8, as rated by using the Total Symptom Score. The scale assesses four symptoms: pain, burning, paraesthesia and numbness, by evaluating the frequency and severity of each. All results will be analysed with the intention-to-treat population. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (Identifier: 2022BZYLL0509). Every participant will be informed of detailed information about the study before signing informed consent. The results of this trial will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR2200061408.

Quality adjustment and analysis of human resource prices in China: Based on a hedonic price model.

The competition in the world has shifted from natural resources and capital resources to human resources. The human resources have become the real power source of the economic growth. Firstly, the price of human resources in China is calculated. Secondly, in order to measure the human resources quality adjustment index, the indicators system is constructed. Third, the Hedonic method is used to calculate the human resources "pure price" of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) in China. The "pure price" has no the factor of human resources quality. Lastly, comparing the price of human resources before and after quality adjustment. The results show that: first, the number of human resources in China increased continuously during 1995-2015 and decreased during 2016-2020. Second, the price of nominal human resources in China keeps rising. In 2020, the nominal price is 39,087 yuan per person which is 15.44 times as many as in 1995. Thirdly, after the quality adjustment, the price of human resources has decreased significantly. The multiple between the actual and nominal price of human resources is between 1.75 and 2.12. Fourthly, the province with high human resource quality adjustment index generally have high quality human resource level or quantity. Fifth, the top five provinces of actual human resource prices are Shanghai, Beijing, Guangdong, Tianjin, Zhejiang, the bottom five provinces are Guizhou, Yunnan, Henan, Xizang, Gansu. Finally, the paper puts forward some policy recommendations: Improving the data collection mechanism of human resources accounting to provide a basic guarantee for the accurate accounting of human resources. Improving the price of human resources in the central and western regions to attract the talents to transfer to the central and western regions. Enhancing the skills training of human resources to improve the quality of human resources in the western region.

[Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Ozone Concentration and Health Benefit Assessment in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region from 2015 to 2020].

To evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of ambient ozone (O3) in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) Region, the land use regression (LUR) model and random forest (RF) model were used to simulate the ambient O3 concentration from 2015 to 2020. Meanwhile, all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortalities as well as economic losses attributed to O3 were also estimated. The results showed that upward trends with fluctuation were observed for ambient O3 concentration, mortalities, and economic losses attributable to O3 exposure in the BTH Region from 2015 to 2020. The areas with high O3 concentration and great changes were concentrated in the central and southwestern regions, whereas the concentration in the northern region was low, and the change degree was small. The spatial distribution of the mortalities was also consistent with the spatial distribution of O3 concentration. From 2015 to 2020, the economic losses regarding all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality increased in 13 cities of the BTH Region, whereas the economic losses of respiratory mortality decreased in 4 cities in the BTH Region. The results indicated that the priority areas for O3 control were not uniform. Specifically, Beijing, Tianjin, Hengshui, and Xingtai were vital areas for O3 pollution control in the BTH Region. Differentiated control measures should be adopted based on the characteristics of these target areas to decline O3 concentration and reduce health impacts and economic losses associated with O3 exposure.

Knowledge, attitudes and practice towards postoperative nursing of patients with digit replantation and skin flap transplantation among new nurses in Beijing: a cross-sectional survey.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) towards the postoperative nursing of patients with digit replantation and skin flap transplantation among new nurses. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Two tertiary medical centres in Beijing, China. PARTICIPANTS: New nurses with working experience within 2 years. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The demographic characteristics of the nurses and their KAP towards the postoperative nursing of patients with digit replantation and skin flap transplantation were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The primary outcome was the KAP scores towards the postoperative nursing of patients with digit replantation and skin flap transplantation. The secondary outcomes were the factors associated with the KAP scores and how the KAP dimensions interacted among them. RESULTS: A total of 206 valid questionnaires were collected. The mean KAP scores were 7.72±3.28 (total score 13; 59.3%), 37.95±6.05 (total score 50; 75.9%) and 38.23±6.12 (total score 45; 84.9%), indicating poor knowledge, moderately favourable attitudes and active practice. The structural equation model analysis showed that knowledge directly influences attitudes (ß=0.82, 95%CI 0.60 to 1.05, p<0.001) and that attitudes directly influence practices (ß=0.72, 95%CI 0.62 to 0.83, p<0.001). Knowledge had no direct influence on practices (ß=0.10, 95%CI -0.09 to 0.29, p=0.313), but the indirect influence was significant (ß=0.60, 95%CI 0.41 to 0.78, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The lack of sufficient knowledge towards the postoperative nursing of patients with digit replantation and skin flap transplantation among nurses with <2 years of experience and the correlation among the KAP dimensions suggested the importance of proper training.

Caregiving experiences of family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia in a community: a qualitative study in Beijing.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to understand the caregiving experiences of family caregivers of people with schizophrenia in a community. DESIGN: A qualitative study based on phenomenological analysis was conducted through in-depth interviews. SETTING: This study was carried out from May to June 2023 in two community health service centres in urban Beijing, China. PARTICIPANTS: We selected 16 family caregivers for interviews using purposive sampling method. RESULTS: Four themes and 10 subthemes were identified: (1) psychosocial distress of family caregivers (feeling unprepared and helpless at the beginning, confronting negative emotions in long-term care and straying away from social life); (2) adverse impacts on the whole family (poor cooperation within the family, insufficient family involvement in professional care); (3) coping with family caregiving (accepting the reality of the patients' illness, struggling with family life balance and having realistic expectations); (4) concerns about future care (daily living support, physical health management). CONCLUSION: Family caregivers experienced psychosocial distress and family stress in the process of caregiving. They had to cope with caregiving stress and were concerned about the long-term care of people with schizophrenia. These findings provide implications for intervention programmes to strengthen social support, family involvement, and active coping for caregivers and develop long-term care mechanisms for people with schizophrenia.

[Medical emergency support for the snowboarding project during the Beijing Winter Olympics].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and summarize the medical security situation of the snowmobile, sled, and steel frame snowmobile tracks at the National Sliding Centre, and to provide experience for future event hosting and medical security work for mass ice and snow sports. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of injuries and treatment of athletes participating in the International Training Week and World Cup for Ski, Sled, and Steel Frame Ski from October to November 2021(hereinafter referred to as "International Training Week"), as well as the Ski, Sled, and Steel Frame Ski events at the Beijing Winter Olympics in February 2022 (hereinafter referred to as the "Beijing Winter Olympics"). We referred to and drew on the "Medical Security Standards for Winter Snow Sports" to develop specific classification standards for analyzing injured areas, types of injuries, and accident locations. RESULTS: A total of 743 athletes participated in the International Training Week and the Beijing Winter Olympics. During the competition, there were 58 incidents of overturning, prying, and collision, of which 28 (28 athletes) were injured, accounting for 48.3% of the total accidents and 3.8% of the total number of athletes. Among them, there were 9 males (32.1%) and 19 females (67.9%), with an average age of (26.3 ± 4.7) years. Among the 28 injured athletes, 20 cases (71.4%) received on-site treatment for Class Ⅰ injuries, while 8 cases (28.6%) had more severe injuries, including Class Ⅱ injuries (7 cases) and Class Ⅲ injuries (1 case), which were referred to designated hospitals for further treatment. Among the 28 injured athletes, 3 cases (10.7%) experienced multiple injuries, including 2 cases of 2 injuries and 1 case of 3 injuries. The most common injuries were in the ankle and toes (10/32, 31.3%). Out of 28 injured athletes, one (3.6%) experienced two types of injuries simultaneously, with joint and/or ligament injuries being the most common (11/29, 37.9%). The most accident prone point on the track was the ninth curve (18/58, 31.0%). CONCLUSION: Through the analysis and summary of medical security work, it can provide better experience and reference for the future development of snowmobile, sled, and steel frame snowmobile sports in China, making the National Snowy and Ski Center truly a sustainable Olympic heritage.

Characteristics and effects on daily lives of pelvic girdle pain during early postpartum in Beijing women, China.

Pelvic girdle pain (PGP) is a common problem during pregnancy and postpartum and negatively affects women's well-being. Yet it is not well known in China. This study assessed PGP's intensity, location, and quality and the status of daily activities on postpartum women with pain, and explored the relationship between pain and the prevalence of depressive symptoms. A cross-sectional study recruiting 1,038 eligible women at 6 weeks postpartum from the obstetric clinic of a hospital was conducted in Beijing, China. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires, including Introductory information form, Body chart, Number Rating Scale, McGill Pain Questionnaire-2, Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire, and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. In this study, 32.2 percent women experienced pain. The mean (SD) pain intensity score was 3.07 ± 1.60. About 50.6 percent women experienced sacroiliac joint pain, and 25.5 percent women experienced pain in a combination of locations. About 73.1 percent women experienced aching pain, and 57.5 percent experienced more than one kind of pain quality. The mean total score, which assesses activity and symptom limitations, was 21.93 ± 17.35 (percent), of which a normal sex life (1.29 ± 0.94) was made more challenging due to pain. In mental health, the prevalence of depressive symptoms coincided with the prevalence of pain (p = 0.008). Postpartum PGP still needs to be taken seriously, and women with pain require further support. The above knowledge offers information to manage pain, daily lives and depressive symptoms, contributes to think about strategies to better promote postpartum women physical and mental health in the future.

Cocirculation and coinfection of multiple respiratory viruses during autumn and winter seasons of 2023 in Beijing, China: A retrospective study.

China experienced severe epidemics of multiple respiratory pathogens in 2023 after lifting "Zero-COVID" policy. The present study aims to investigate the changing circulation and infection patterns of respiratory pathogens in 2023. The 160 436 laboratory results of influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) from February 2020 to December 2023, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from June 2020 to December 2023, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, adenovirus, and human rhinovirus from January 2023 to December 2023 were analyzed. We observed the alternating epidemics of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus (IAV), as well as the out-of-season epidemic of RSV during the spring and summer of 2023. Cocirculation of multiple respiratory pathogens was observed during the autumn and winter of 2023. The susceptible age range of RSV in this winter epidemic (10.5, interquartile range [IQR]: 5-30) was significantly higher than previously (4, IQR: 3-34). The coinfection rate of IAV and RSV in this winter epidemic (0.695%) was significantly higher than that of the last cocirculation period (0.027%) (p < 0.001). Similar trend was also found in the coinfection of IAV and SARS-CoV-2. The present study observed the cocirculation of multiple respiratory pathogens, changing age range of susceptible population, and increasing coinfection rates during the autumn and winter of 2023, in Beijing, China.

Prevalence and predictors of prenatal depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multistage observational study in Beijing, China.

OBJECTIVE: While growing psychological health issues among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic have been clearly validated, most research was conducted in countries with relatively lax quarantine measures. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of prenatal depression among pre-, peak-, and post-COVID-19 in Beijing, the region with a stringent response policy in China. We also explore predictors of prenatal depression throughout the outbreak. METHODS: We investigated prenatal depression among 742 pregnant women who received antenatal checkups in Beijing from March 28, 2019 to May 07, 2021 using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and associative demographic, pregnancy-related, and psychosocial characteristics were measured. The phase was divided into pre-, peak-, and post-COVID-19 in light of the trajectory of COVID-19. Pearson's Chi-square test was used after the examination of confounders homogeneity. The bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was conducted to explore predictors. RESULTS: The pooled prevalence of prenatal depression was 11.9% throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Rates at different phases were 10.6%, 15.2%, and 11.1% respectively and no significant difference was observed. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that history of mental illness, number of boy-preference from both pregnant women and husband's family, social support, occupation, and living space were independent predictors of prenatal depression in Beijing. CONCLUSION: Our data suggested that the impact of this pandemic on prenatal depression in Beijing appears to be not significant, which will strengthen confidence in adhering to current policy for decision-makers and provide important guidance for the development of major outbreak control and management policies in the future. Our findings may also provide a more efficient measure to identify high-risk pregnant women for professionals and help raise gender equity awareness of pregnant women and their husbands' families. Future studies should focus on the value of targeted care and family relations on the mental health of pregnant women.

Association rule mining with a special rule coding and dynamic genetic algorithm for air quality impact factors in Beijing, China.

Understanding air quality requires a comprehensive understanding of its various factors. Most of the association rule techniques focuses on high frequency terms, ignoring the potential importance of low- frequency terms and causing unnecessary storage space waste. Therefore, a dynamic genetic association rule mining algorithm is proposed in this paper, which combines the improved dynamic genetic algorithm with the association rule mining algorithm to realize the importance mining of low- frequency terms. Firstly, in the chromosome coding phase of genetic algorithm, an innovative multi-information coding strategy is proposed, which selectively stores similar values of different levels in one storage unit. It avoids storing all the values at once and facilitates efficient mining of valid rules later. Secondly, by weighting the evaluation indicators such as support, confidence and promotion in association rule mining, a new evaluation index is formed, avoiding the need to set a minimum threshold for high-interest rules. Finally, in order to improve the mining performance of the rules, the dynamic crossover rate and mutation rate are set to improve the search efficiency of the algorithm. In the experimental stage, this paper adopts the 2016 annual air quality data set of Beijing to verify the effectiveness of the unit point multi-information coding strategy in reducing the rule storage air, the effectiveness of mining the rules formed by the low frequency item set, and the effectiveness of combining the rule mining algorithm with the swarm intelligence optimization algorithm in terms of search time and convergence. In the experimental stage, this paper adopts the 2016 annual air quality data set of Beijing to verify the effectiveness of the above three aspects. The unit point multi-information coding strategy reduced the rule space storage consumption by 50%, the new evaluation index can mine more interesting rules whose interest level can be up to 90%, while mining the rules formed by the lower frequency terms, and in terms of search time, we reduced it about 20% compared with some meta-heuristic algorithms, while improving convergence.

Analysis of health service utilization and influencing factors due to COVID-19 in Beijing: a large cross-sectional survey.

BACKGROUND: In the wake of China's relaxed zero-COVID policy, there was a surge in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections. This study aimed to examine the infection status and health service utilization among Beijing residents during a widespread outbreak, and to explore the factors that affected utilization of health services due to COVID-19. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Beijing residents from 13 January to 13 February 2023, collecting information on socio-demographic characteristics, health behaviours, COVID-19 infection status, utilization of health services and depressive symptoms. Multivariate Tobit regression was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Among the 53 924 participants, 14.7% were older than 60 years, 63.7% were female and 84.8% were married. In total, 44 992 of the 53 924 individuals surveyed (83.4%) contracted COVID-19 during 2020-2023, and 25.2% (13 587) sought corresponding health services. The majority of individuals (85.6%) chose in-person healthcare, while 14.4% chose internet-based healthcare. Among those who chose in-person healthcare, 58.6% preferred primary healthcare institutions and 41.5% were very satisfied with the treatment. Factors affecting health service utilization include being female (ß = -0.15, P < 0.001), older than 60 years (ß = 0.23, P < 0.01), non-healthcare workers (ß = -0.60, P < 0.001), rich self-rated income level (ß = 0.59, P < 0.001), having underlying disease (ß = 0.51, P < 0.001), living alone (ß = -0.19, P < 0.05), depressive symptoms (ß = 0.06, P < 0.001) and healthy lifestyle habits, as well as longer infection duration, higher infection numbers and severe symptoms. CONCLUSION: As COVID-19 is becoming more frequent and less severe, providing safe and accessible healthcare remains critical. Vulnerable groups such as the elderly and those with underlying conditions need reliable health service. Prioritizing primary healthcare resources and online medical services have played a vital role in enhancing resource utilization efficiency.

[Efficiency Characteristics and Evolution Patterns of Urban Carbon Metabolism of Production-Living-Ecological Space in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region].

This study explored the carbon metabolism efficiency of a production-living-ecological space system, which is of great significance for regional factor integration and spatial optimization. In this study, the material flow analysis method was introduced to establish a framework for evaluating the carbon metabolism efficiency of the production-living-ecological space system, and the super-efficiency DEA model and Malmquist index were used to empirically analyze the spatio-temporal distribution, dynamic change, and evolution patterns of the carbon metabolism efficiency of production-living-ecological space in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, China, from 2000 to 2020 on the basis of the urban metabolic perspective. The results showed that:① the carbon metabolism efficiency of the production-living-ecological space showed a fluctuating growth trend, indicating the significant spatial differentiation of carbon metabolism efficiency in each city. There was a low overall carbon metabolism efficiency level, with a distribution pattern of being high in the middle and low in the north and south. ② The Malmquist index showed that the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) of carbon metabolism efficiency was greater than 1, and both the Technical Change (TC) and Pure Efficiency Change (PEC) were less than 1, in which the TFP showed an increasing trend, whereas there was no significant contribution of technological progress or pure technical efficiency to carbon metabolism efficiency. The total factor productivity of more than 50% of the cities showed an improving trend, only 38.46% of which made technological progress in improving carbon metabolism efficiency, and more than half of the urban pure technical efficiency showed a decreasing trend, in which the technical efficiency change and scale efficiency change were greater than 1 in most cities. ③ There were different types of carbon efficiency characteristics in each city, and according to the movement rules of the corresponding points in the quartile map, the evolution patterns of tourism industry efficiency were classified into stable, reciprocating, progressive, and abrupt. Therefore, local governments should adopt differentiated strategies to reasonably allocate spatial resources of production-living-ecological space and improve the technical level and scale efficiency, so as to improve the efficiency of urban carbon metabolism.

A study on the influencing factors of mental health of Chinese garden workers: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Occupational hazards occur in all walks of life. China's horticulture industry is undergoing rapid development. However, the mental health of garden workers has not received much attention. This study investigates the mental health status and influencing factors of Chinese garden workers and provides a basis for promoting their mental health and ensuring the healthy development of Chinese horticulture. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of garden workers in Beijing was conducted from 10 July 2021 to 10 October 2021. A total of 3349 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective response rate of 95.69%. Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out on the demographic characteristics, job satisfaction, stress, anxiety, and depression of garden workers, and the influencing factors affecting the mental health of Chinese garden workers were found through a t-test, variance analysis, and ordinal multi-class logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Survey respondents were mostly male (54.4%) and under the age of 40 (64.1%). The anxiety and depression symptoms of the garden workers were moderate. Among staff members, 40.2% were in a normal state of stress. Gender, three meals on time, monthly income, and job satisfaction were the factors influencing stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms among garden workers. CONCLUSION: Compared to medical staff and other groups, the stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms of Chinese garden workers are severe. Gender, monthly income, and job satisfaction are important factors affecting their mental health. Managers should continuously improve the working environment of garden workers, provide salaries that match their positions, and improve their job recognition and satisfaction to reduce the impact of negative emotions on personal health.

Association of high-sensitivity CRP and FEV1%pred: a study on non-pulmonary disease in a population in Beijing, China.

BACKGROUND: No studies have investigated whether high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) can be used to predict the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/estimated value of FEV1 (FEV1%pred). This study aimed to assess the association between hsCRP and FEV1%pred in middle-aged and elderly individuals without underlying lung disease. METHODS: The data for this study were obtained from a prospective cohort study that included 1047 middle-aged and elderly citizens from Beijing aged 40-75 years without any evidence of underlying lung diseases with FEV1 >70% after receiving inhalational bronchodilators. The baseline analysis of the participants was performed from 30 May 2018 to 31 October 2018. Restricted cubic spline regression and multivariate linear regression models were used to assess the non-linear association and linear association between hsCRP and FEV1/FEV in 6 s (FEV6) and FEV1%pred, respectively. RESULTS: The hsCRP values of 851 participants were recorded; the values were normal in 713 (83.8%) participants. The remaining 196 participants (18.7%) had missing data. A non-linear association was observed between normal hsCRP values and FEV1/FEV6. hsCRP was linearly and negatively correlated with FEV1%pred, and each 1 SD increase in hsCRP was significantly associated with a 2.4% lower in FEV1%pred. Significantly higher FEV1/FEV6 differences were observed in the female subgroup than those in the male subgroup (p=0.011 for interaction). CONCLUSIONS: hsCRP had a non-linear association with FEV1/FEV6 and a linear negative association with FEV1%pred in individuals with normal hsCRP values. hsCRP can be used to predict FEV1%pred, which can be used to predict the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. hsCRP has a stronger association with lung function in women than that in men. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03532893.

Polyglycerol polyricinoleate and lecithin stabilized water in oil nanoemulsions for sugaring Beijing roast duck: Preparation, stability mechanisms and color improvement.

Traditional Beijing roast duck often suffers from uneven color and high sugar content after roasting. Water-in-oil (W/O) nanoemulsion is a promising alternative to replace high concentration of sugar solution used in sugaring process according to similarity-intermiscibility theory. Herein, 3% of xylose was embedded in the aqueous phase of W/O emulsion to replace 15% maltose solution. W/O emulsions with different ratios of lecithin (LEC) and polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) were constructed by high-speed homogenization and high-pressure homogenization. Distribution and penetration extent of solutions and emulsions through the duck skin, as well as the color uniformity of Beijing roast duck were analyzed. Emulsions with LEC:PGPR ratios of 1:3 and 2:2 had better stability. Stable interfacial film and spatial structure were important factors influencing emulsion stabilization. The stable W/O emulsions could more uniformly distribute onto the surface of duck skin and longitudinally penetrate through the skin than solutions.